The Mad Hedge Summit videos are up from the March 14-16 confab. Listen to 24 speakers opine on the best strategies, tactics, and instruments to use in these volatile markets. It is a true smorgasbord of investment strategies. Find the best one to suit your own goals.
The product discounts offered last week are still valid. Start, stop, and pause the videos at your leisure. Best of all, access to the videos is FREE. Access them all by clicking here.
Below please find subscribers’ Q&A for the March 23 Mad Hedge Fund Trader Global Strategy Webinar broadcast from Silicon Valley.
Q: What is the best way to keep your money in cash?
A: That’s quite a complicated answer. If you leave cash in your brokerage account, they will give you nothing. If you move it to your bank account they will, again, give you nothing. But, if you keep the money in your brokerage account and then buy 2-year US Treasury bills, those are yielding 2.2% right now, and will probably be yielding over 3% in two years, so we’re actually being paid for cash for the first time in over ten years. And, as long as it’s in your brokerage account, you can then sell those Treasury bonds when you’re ready to go back into the market and buy your stock, same day, without having to perform any complicated wire transfers, which take a week to clear. Also, if your broker goes bankrupt and you hold Treasury bills, they are required by law to give you the Treasury bills. If you have your cash in a brokerage cash account, you lose all of it or at least the part above the SIPC-insured $250,000 per account. And believe me, I learned that the hard way when Bearings went bankrupt in the 1990s. People who had the Bearings securities lost everything, people who owned Treasury bills got their cashback in weeks.
Q: Is the pain over for growth stocks?
A: Probably yes, for the smaller ones; but they may flatline for a long time until a real earnings story returns for them. As for the banks, I think the pain is over and now it’s a question of just when we can get back in.
Q: Why did you initiate shorts on the Invesco QQQ Trust Series (QQQ) and SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY) this week, instead of continuing with the iShares 20 Plus Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT) shorts?
A: We are down 27 points in 10 weeks on the (TLT); that is the most in history. And every other country in the world is seeing the same thing. That is not shorting territory—you should have been shorting above $150 in the (TLT) when I was falling down on my knees and begging you to do so. Now it’s too late. If we get a 5-point rally, which we could get any time, that’s another story. It is so oversold that a bounce of some sort is inevitable. I’d rather be in cash going into that.
Q: Do you think Tesla (TSLA) has put in a bottom, or do you still see more downside? Is it time to buy?
A: The time to buy is not when it is up 50% in 3 weeks, which it has just done. The time to buy is when I sent out the last trade alert to buy it at $700. This was a complete layup as a long three weeks ago because I knew the German production was coming onstream very shortly; and that opens up a whole new continent, right when energy prices are going through the roof—the best-case scenario for Tesla. And the same is happening in the US—it’s a one-year wait now to get a new Model X in the US. In fact, I can sell my existing model X for the same price I paid for it 3 years ago, if I were happy to wait another year to get a replacement car.
Q: Will the Boeing (BA) crash in China damage the short-term prospects? And as a pilot, what do you think actually happened?
A: Boeing has been beat-up for so long that a mere crash in one of its safest planes isn’t going to do much. It could have been a maintenance issue in China, but the fact that there was no “mayday” call means only two or three possibilities. One is a bomb, which would explain there being no mayday call—the pilots were already dead when it went into freefall. Number two would be a complete structural failure, which is hard to believe because I’ve been flying Boeings my entire life, and these things are made out of steel girders—you can’t break them. And number three is a pilot suicide—there have been a couple of those over the years. The Malaysia flight that disappeared over the south Indian Ocean was almost certainly a pilot suicide, and there was another one in Germany and another in Japan about 20 years ago. So, if they come up with no answer, that's the answer. It’s not a Boeing issue, whatever it is.
Q: Is John Deer (DEER) or Caterpillar (CAT) a better trade right now?
A: It’s kind of six of one, half a dozen of the other. Caterpillar I’ve been following for 50 years, so I’m kind of partial to CAT, and Caterpillar has a much bigger international presence, but that could be a negative these days in a deglobalizing world.
Q: Apple (AAPL) has really caught fire past $170. Should I chase it here or wait until it’s too overbought?
A: I never liked chasing. Even a small dip, like we’re having today, is worth getting into. So always buy on the dips.
Q: Is Silver (SLV) still a good long-term play?
A: Yes, because we do expect EV production to ramp up as fast as they can possibly do it. Too bad the American companies don’t know how to make electric cars—they just haven’t been able to get their volumes up because of production problems that Tesla solved 12 years ago. So, long term, I think it will do better, but right now the risk-on move is definitely negative for the precious metals.
Q: How low will the iShares 20 Plus Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT) go in April before the next Fed meeting?
A: I think we’re bottoming for the short term right around here. That’s why I had on that $127-$130 call spread in the (TLT) that I got stopped out of. And I may well end up being right, but with these call spreads, once you break your upper strike, the math goes against you dramatically. You go from like a 1-1 risk profile to like a 10-1 against you. So, you have to get out of those things when you break your upper strike, otherwise, you risk writing off the entire position with 100% loss. As long as Jay Powell keeps talking about successive half-point rate cuts, we will get lower lows, and my 2023 target for the TLT is $105, or about $20.00 points below here.
Q: Do you think we retest the bottoms?
A: Absolutely, yes; it just depends on where the test is successful—with a double bottom or with a retrace of half the recent moves. Keep in mind that stocks go up 80% of the time over the last 120 years, and that includes the Great Depression when they hardly went up at all for 10 years, so selling short is a professional’s game, and I wouldn’t attempt it unless you had somebody like me helping you. You're betting against the long-term trend with every short position. That said, if you’re quick you can make decent money. Most of the money we’ve made this year has been in short positions, both in stocks and in bonds.
Q: Where can we find this webinar?
A: The recording for this webinar will be posted on the website in about two hours. Just log into your account and you’ll find them all listed.
Q: When should I sell my tradable ProShares UltraShort 20+ Year Treasury ETF (TBT)?
A: You don’t have an options expiration to worry about, so I would just keep in until we hit $105 in the (TLT). If you do want to trade, I’d take a little bit off here and then try to re-buy it a couple of points lower, maybe 10% lower.
Q: What do you think of a Freeport McMoRan (FCX) $55-$60 vertical bull call spread?
A: The market has had such a massive move, that I’m reluctant to do out of the money call spreads from here unless we get a major dip. So, don’t reach for the marginal trade—that’s where you get your head handed to you.
Q: Will yield curve inversions matter this time and foretell a recession?
A: I think no, because corporate earnings are still growing, and by the summer, we probably will have a yield curve inversion.
Q: There seems to be some huge breakthrough in battery technology where batteries could be recharged within four minutes. I believe it’s the Chinese who have the tech, if so how will that impact on Tesla?
A: Every day of the year someone presents Tesla with a revolutionary new battery technology. It either doesn’t work, can’t be mass-produced, or is wildly uneconomical. So, I’ll confine my bet that Tesla will be able to eventually mass produce solid state batteries and get their 95% cost reduction that way.
To watch a replay of this webinar with all the charts, bells, whistles, and classic rock music, just log in to www.madhedgefundtrader.com, go to MY ACCOUNT, click on GLOBAL TRADING DISPATCH, then WEBINARS, and all the webinars from the last ten years are there in all their glory.
Good Luck and Stay Healthy.
John Thomas
CEO & Publisher
The Diary of a Mad Hedge Fund Trader
Global Market Comments
March 24, 2022
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(TEN TECH TRENDS DEFINING YOUR FUTURE, or THE BEST TECH PIECE I HAVE EVER WRITTEN)
(TSLA), (GOOG), (AMZN), (AAPL), (CRSP)
Not a day goes by without a reader asking me what is the next stock ten, hundred, or thousand bagger. After all, I nailed the 295X move in Tesla (TSLA) starting in 2010.
Can’t I do better?
Well actually, I can, which is the purpose of the Diary of a Mad Hedge Fund Trader. There are many potentially Google (GOOG), Amazon (AMZN) and Apple (AAPL) sized opportunities out there today. It’s just a matter of time they become public and investable.
One thing I will tell you today is that they will have some or all of the following gale force tailwinds below. These will turbocharge the value of everything you own now, as well as anything new you might pick up going forward.
The future is happening fast!
1) People are Getting Richer, as the middle-income population continues to rise worldwide. That means more customers for everything, and astronomically greater earnings for the companies inventing and selling them. Every day goods and services (finance, insurance, education, and entertainment) are being digitized and becoming fully demonetized, available to the rising billion on mobile devices. Thank the convergence of high-bandwidth and low-cost communication, ubiquitous AI on the cloud, growing access to AI-aided education, and AI-driven healthcare.
2) And they are Communicating with Each Other More. The deployment of both licensed and unlicensed 5G, plus the launch of a multitude of global satellite networks (Starlink, OneWeb, Viasat, etc.), allow for ubiquitous, low-cost communications for everyone, everywhere, all the time––not to mention the connection of trillions of devices. And today’s skyrocketing connectivity is bringing online an additional 3 billion individuals, driving tens of trillions of dollars into the global economy and into the pockets of shareholders. Thank the convergence of low-cost space launches (Space-X), hardware advancements, 5G networks, artificial intelligence, a new generation of materials science, and exponentially surging computing power.
3) Your Lifespan Will Increase by at Least Ten Years. A dozen game-changing biotech and pharmaceutical solutions (currently in Phase 1, 2, or 3 clinical trials) will reach consumers this decade as covered by the Mad Hedge Biotech & Healthcare Letter (click here for the link). Technologies include stem cell supply restoration, senolytic or age-related medicines, a new generation of Endo-Vaccines, GDF-11, and supplementation of NMD/NAD+, among several others. And as machine learning continues to mature, AI is set to unleash countless new drug candidates, ready for clinical trials. Thank the convergence of genome sequencing, CRISPR technologies (CRSP), AI, quantum computing, and cellular medicine.
4) More Capital for Everything Will Become Abundant. Over the past few years, humanity hit all-time highs in the global flow of seed capital, venture capital, and sovereign wealth fund investments. It is expected to continue its overall upward trajectory. Capital abundance leads to the funding and testing of "crazy" entrepreneurial ideas, which in turn accelerate innovation. Already, $300B in crowdfunding is anticipated by 2025, democratizing capital access for entrepreneurs worldwide. And even during a pandemic (2020), the world deployed more venture capital than ever before, handily beating out the last high-water mark in 2019. Thank global connectivity, dematerialization, demonetization, and democratization.
5) Distribution is Becoming Vastly Easier. The combination of Augmented Reality (yielding Web 3.0, or the Spatial Web) and 5G networks (offering lighting fast 100Mb/s - 10Gb/s connection speeds) will transform how we live our everyday lives, impacting every industry from retail and advertising, to education and entertainment. Consumers will play, learn and shop throughout the day in a newly intelligent, virtually overlaid world. This is where technologies like SpatialWeb.net, Vatoms (new digital connections between products and customers), and Apple’s (AAPL) next-generation AR & VR headsets will shine. Thank hardware advancements, 5G networks, AI, materials science, and surging computing power.
(6) Everything is Getting Smarter: The price of specialized machine learning chips is dropping rapidly with a rise in global demand. Imagine a specialized $5 chip that enables AI for a toy, a shoe, a kitchen cabinet? Combined with the explosion of low-cost microscopic sensors and the deployment of high-bandwidth networks, we’re heading into a decade wherein every device becomes intelligent. Your child’s toy remembers her face and name. Your kid's drone safely and diligently follows and videos all the children at the birthday party. Appliances respond to voice commands and anticipate your needs. Thank AI, 5G networks, and more advanced sensors.
(7) Artificial Intelligence is Getting Smarter than We are. Artificial intelligence will reach human-level performance this decade (by 2030). Through the 2020s, AI algorithms and machine learning tools will be increasingly made open source, available on the cloud, allowing any individual with an internet connection to supplement their cognitive ability, augment their problem-solving capacity, and build new ventures at a fraction of the current cost. Thank global high-bandwidth connectivity, neural networks, and cloud computing. Every industry, spanning industrial design, healthcare, education, and entertainment, will be impacted.
(8) AI is Becoming a Service: The rise of “AI as a Service” (AIaaS) platforms will enable humans to partner with AI in every aspect of their work, at every level, in every industry. AI’s will become entrenched in everyday business operations, serving as cognitive collaborators to employees—supporting creative tasks, generating new ideas, and tackling previously unattainable innovations. In some fields, partnership with AI will even become a requirement. For example: in the future, making certain diagnoses without the consultation of AI may be deemed malpractice. And try trading stocks today without AI behind you. Thank increasingly intelligent AI, global high-bandwidth connectivity, neural networks, and cloud computing.
(9) Software Will Become an Integrated Part of Our Lives. As services like Alexa, Google Home, and Apple Homepod expand in functionality, such services will eventually travel beyond the home and become your cognitive prosthetic 24/7. Imagine a secure software shell that you give permission to listen to all your conversations, read your email, monitor your blood chemistry, etc. With access to such data, these AI-enabled software shells will learn your preferences, anticipate your needs and behavior, shop for you, monitor your health, and help you problem-solve in support of your mid- and long-term goals. Thank increasingly intelligent AI, neural networks, and cloud computing.
(10) Energy Will Become Effectively Free when compared to today’s all-in costs. Continued advancements in solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, small nuclear, and localized grids will drive humanity towards cheap, abundant, and ubiquitous renewable energy. The price per kilowatt-hour will drop below 1 cent per kilowatt-hour for renewables, just as storage drops below a mere 3 cents per kilowatt-hour, resulting in the elimination of fossil fuels globally. And as the world’s poorest countries are also the world’s sunniest, the democratization of both new and traditional storage technologies will grant energy abundance to those already bathed in sunlight. We are also on the cusp of many breakthroughs in fusion power at nearby Lawrence Livermore Labs as capital, new materials, and entrepreneurs pour in this arena. Thank materials science, hardware advancements, AI/algorithms, and improved battery technologies.
I just thought you’d like to know.
Global Market Comments
March 23, 2022
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(THE MAD HEDGE TRADERS & INVESTORS SUMMIT VIDEOS ARE UP!)
(WHY WARREN BUFFET HATES GOLD),
(GLD), (GDX), (ABX), (GOLD)
Those in the investment business are well used to the Armageddon crowd. These are the guys who are perennially predicting the collapse of the dollar, the default of the US government, hyperinflation, and the end of the world.
Maybe after 11 years of rising, stocks are finally expensive on a relative basis?
Their perennial recommendations are to keep all your assets in gold and silver, store at least a year’s worth of canned food, and keep your untraceable guns well-oiled and supplied with ammo, preferably in high capacity magazines.
If you followed their advice, you lost your shirt.
I have broken many of these wayward acolytes of their money-losing habits. But not all of them. There seems to be an endless supply emanating from the hinterlands.
The “Oracle of Omaha” Warren Buffet often goes to great lengths to explain why he despises the yellow metal.
The sage doesn't really care about the gold, whatever the price. He sees it primarily as a bet on fear. I imagine he feels the same about Bitcoin, the modern tulips of our age.
If investors are more afraid in a year than they are today, then you make money on gold. If they aren't, then you lose money.
The only problem now is that fear ain’t working.
If you took all the gold in the world, it would form a cube 67 feet on all sides, worth $5 trillion. For that same amount of money, you could own other assets with far greater productive earning power, including:
*All the farmland in the US, about 1 billion acres, which is worth $2.5 trillion.
*Two Apple’s (AAPL), the largest capitalized company in the world at $3 trillion.
Instead of producing any income or dividends, gold just sits there and shines, making you feel like King Midas.
I don't know. With the stock market at an all-time high, and oil trading at $70.49/barrel, a bet on fear looks pretty good to me right now.
I'm still sticking with my long-term forecast of the old inflation-adjusted high of $2,300/ounce. But it might be very long term.
It is just a matter of time before emerging market central bank buying pushes it up there. And who knows? Fear might make a comeback too.
Global Market Comments
March 22, 2022
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(COULD YOU QUALIFY TO BECOME A U.S. CITIZEN?)
Global Market Comments
March 21, 2022
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(MARKET OUTLOOK FOR THE WEEK AHEAD, or FROM QE TO QT),
(SPY), (TLT), (TBT), (TSLA)
A client asked me today if, after the 5th worst start to a year since 1927, I thought the stock market had bottomed.
My response? One interest rate rise down, 12 to go, or 3.00% if we stick to the quarter-point pace.
And while the first seven rate rises have already been discounted by the futures market, the additional six we will get in 2023 haven’t.
We have just seen the best week for stocks in nearly two years, but don’t get your hopes up. We are in the process of weaning the markets off of 12 years of free money and we aren’t going to get away with a measly 15% correction.
And when I say markets, I don’t just mean stocks, but for bonds, commodities, foreign exchange, precious metals, energy, and real estate as well. No asset has actually had a real price for more than a decade.
So, how does all this end? You can count on several tradable rallies for the rest of the year, like the one we have just had. Big tech earnings are still racing ahead like a bat out of hell. By yearend, tech should be stupid cheap, cheap enough to take the indexes to new highs, even if they are marginal ones at best.
Eventually, the Fed will take rates high enough to assure a recession. That happens when yield curves are completely flat, i.e, when the two, ten, and 30-year yields are the same, which is about two years off.
That could happen sooner if inflation fails to abate and the Fed has to resort to successive half-point hikes to cool a superheated economy. Currently, Jay Powell doesn’t believe that will be necessary because he expects the inflation rate to drop to 4% by the end of 2022 as wage demands fade, supply chain problems sort themselves out, and the Ukraine war stalemates.
News flash: Fed governors have been known to be wrong.
Here’s an interesting tidbit. I renewed my pilot’s medical this week in case I get a midnight call from Washington DC. Don’t worry, I passed with flying colors, thanks to all my nighttime backpacking.
But you know what the flight surgeon told me? Every medical he had done in the last two weeks was for someone headed to Ukraine.
This could be a really interesting war.
The Fed Raises Interest Rates by a quarter point. The futures markets are already discounting seven rate hikes this year, but not the six in 2023. The Fed is so far behind the curve they may have to resort to half-point rises later this year if inflation doesn’t fade. According to that timetable, the yield curve will be completely flat by then, triggering the next recession.
China Crashes, on fears they may get dragged into the Ukraine war by Russia. Delisting threats from the SEC, a slowing economy, flight from growth tech stocks, and a new Covid outbreak aren’t helping either. Some $2.1 trillion in market cap has been lost since these stocks looked so great a year ago. Not a great place to be when a new iron curtain is descending. Right now, the US is the only safe place to be.
Bonds Collapse on happy talks about Russia/Ukraine talks, making my shorts look even better. Ten-year US Treasury yields hit a three-year high at 2.08% yield. It’s a resumption of a steep downtrend in bond prices that started in November. I used the war-induced rally to ramp up positions. But I don’t think we break $130 in the (TLT) for at least another month. Keep selling big rallies in the (TLT).
The Producer Price Index is Up a Hot 10% YOY, and 0.8% in February, largely driven by soaring energy prices. Food prices are up as Ukraine’s wheat, one-third of the world supply, disappears from the marketplace. It makes the Fed rate hike a sure thing.
Russia has $350 Billion of US stock for Sale at Market. That is the amount Russian oligarchs are thought to own in US hedge funds which the Justice Department is in the process of seizing. It’s part of $1 trillion in foreign assets overall, which include the Chelsea soccer team, several tens of billion worth of US real estate, and a $200 billion stake in Uber.
China has to Choose, whether to have Russia or the US as an ally. Will it be the sanctioned $1 trillion economy in free fall, or a booming $25 trillion economy? Certain the costs of going against the US have been made clear. I’ve been arguing vociferously to the Joint Chiefs from the beginning that standing up to Putin gets you a two for: it forces China to back off from aggressive moves towards Taiwan as well. Russia can stand sanction. Chinese would starve, as the bulk of its wealth over the last 30 years came from trade with the US.
Existing Home Sales Plunge by 7.2% to 6.02 million units in February. Soaring mortgage rates and rock bottom inventories are taking their toll. Many homes are gone only a week after listing.
Nickel Futures are Limit Down in London, off by 12%, indicating that the super spike in commodities prices triggered by the Ukraine war may be over. The price fell by $36,915 per metric tonne, well off the $100,000 high from weeks ago when Chinese speculators covered shorts generating massive losses.
Weekly Jobless Claims Come in at 214,000, a two-month low. The economy is recovering slowly and is on the verge of full employment.
My Ten-Year View
When we come out the other side of pandemic, we will be perfectly poised to launch into my new American Golden Age, or the next Roaring Twenties. With interest rates still at zero, oil cheap, there will be no reason not to. The Dow Average will rise by 800% to 240,000 or more in the coming decade. The American coming out the other side of the pandemic will be far more efficient and profitable than the old. Dow 240,000 here we come!
With near record volatility, my March month to date performance catapulted to a blistering 15.23%. My 2022 year-to-date performance ended at a chest beating 29.82%. The Dow Average is down -4.3% so far in 2022. It is the great outperformance on an index since Mad Hedge Fund Trader started 14 years ago.
My five March positions expired at their maximum potential profit with the options expiration on Friday. That leaves me 90% in cash and 10% in a single long bond position which is close to breaking even. Only the next capitulation selloff day I’ll be adding more long positions in technology.
That brings my 13-year total return to 542.38%, some 2.10 times the S&P 500 (SPX) over the same period. My average annualized return has ratcheted up to 44.88%, easily the highest in the industry.
We need to keep an eye on the number of US Coronavirus cases at 80 million and rising quickly and deaths topping 971,000, which you can find here. Growth of the pandemic has virtually stopped, with new cases down 96% in a month.
On Monday, March 21 at 7:30 AM EST, the Chicago Fed National Activity Index is out.
On Tuesday, March 22 at 12:30 PM, API Crude Oil Stocks are released.
On Wednesday, March 23 at 10:00 AM, New Home Sales for February are printed.
On Thursday, March 23 at 7:30 AM, Durable Goods Orders for February are published. Weekly Jobless Claims are out at 8:30.
On Friday, March 25 at 9:00 AM, Pending Home Sales for February are disclosed. At 2:00 PM, the Baker Hughes Oil Rig Count is out.
As for me, after telling you last week why I walked so funny, let me tell you the other reason.
In 1987, to celebrate obtaining my British commercial pilot’s license, I decided to fly a tiny single engine Grumman Tiger from London to Malta and back.
It turned out to be a one-way trip.
Flying over the many French medieval castles was divine. Flying the length of the Italian coast at 500 feet was fabulous, except for the engine failure over the American airbase at Naples.
But I was a US citizen, wore a New York Yankees baseball cap, and seemed an alright guy, so the Air Force fixed me up for free and sent me on my way. Fortunately, I spotted the heavy cable connecting Sicily with the mainland well in advance.
I had trouble finding Malta and was running low on fuel. So I tuned into a local radio station and homed in on that.
It was on the way home that the trouble started.
I stopped by Palermo in Sicily to see where my grandfather came from and to search for the caves where my great grandmother lived during the waning days of WWII. Little did I know that Palermo had the worst wind shear airport in Europe.
My next leg home took me over 200 miles of the Mediterranean to Sardinia.
I got about 50 feet into the air when a 70-knot gust of wind flipped me on my side perpendicular to the runway and aimed me right at an Alitalia passenger jet with 100 passengers awaiting takeoff. I managed to level the plane right before I hit the ground.
I heard the British pilot of the Alitalia jet say on the air “Well, that was interesting.”
Giant fire engines descended upon me, but I was fine, sitting on my cockpit, admiring the tree that had suddenly sprouted through my port wing.
Then the Carabinieri arrested me for endangering the lives of 100 tourists. Two days later the Ente Nazionale per l’Avizione Civile held a hearing and found me innocent, as the wind shear could not be foreseen. I think they really liked my hat, as most probably had distant relatives in New York City.
As for the plane, the wreckage was sent back to England by insurance syndicate Lloyds of London, where it was disassembled. Inside the starboard wing tank, they found a rag which the American mechanics in Naples had left by accident.
If I has continued my flight, the rag would have settled over my fuel intake valve, cut off my gas supply, and I would have crashed into the sea and disappeared forever. Ironically, it would have been close to where French author Antoine de St.-Exupery (The Little Prince) crashed his Lockheed P-38 Lightning in 1944.
In the end, The crash only cost me a disk in my back, which I had removed in London and led to my funny walk.
Sometimes, it is better to be lucky than smart.
Stay Healthy,
John Thomas
CEO & Publisher
The Diary of a Mad Hedge Fund Trader
Antoine de St.-Exupery on the Old 50 Franc Note
Global Market Comments
March 18, 2022
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(HOW TO JOIN THE EARLY RETIREMENT STAMPEDE)
